EXERCISE 8:

Choose the correct completion.

1- Tourists are still arriving in the town [despite/although) the warnings from the government about terrorist attacks.

2- [Despite/Although) she claims to be unable to cook, she always brings something delicious and home-made for her lunch.

3- [Despite/Although) her claims that she cannot cook, she always brings something delicious and home-made for her lunch.

4- There were still amendments to the project that we wanted to make, we didn't do badly considering the time-scale, [although/though).

5- Numbers of nuisance calls received by the fire brigade are continuing to rise [in spite of/though) the introduction of jail sentences for offenders.

6- [Even though/Despite) the long journey to the nearest beach, Daniel goes water-skiing every weekend.

7- [Although/In spite of ) he hates paperwork, he is always up-to-date with his filing.

8- [Although/In spite of) the fact that the washing machine was second-hand when we bought it, it has lasted another ten years.

9- He said he would read all of the questions [though/in spite of) he didn't feel confident at all.

10- [Even though/In spite of) there was a stiff breeze blowing across the beach, sitting outside was still pleasurable

EXERCISE 7:

Write sentences with the same meaning by using the word(s) in parentheses.

1-    He has decided to buy the holiday cottage in spite of being heavily in debt already. [even though)

2-    I didn't buy the rug even though I was offered a fifty percent discount, [despite)

3-    He eats his Sunday lunch at his mother's home every week though he doesn't live there any more, [in spite of)

4-    I think he loves living on his own despite still spending a great deal of time at his mother's, [even though)

5-    Even though she wasn't as well qualified as the others, to our surprise, she got the job. [despite) 

6-    In spite of being a cruel sport, fox hunting attracts many participants in rural areas. [even though) 

7-    In spite of struggling to cover his own expenses, he volunteers for a children's charity at weekends, [although)

8-    Despite having ample free time, her house is never tidy, [although) 

9-    Though this job doesn't require much knowledge, it is generally well-paid, [despite) 

10- Although the decorating is finished, they won't open for business until after Bayrarn. [in spite of)

EXERCISE 6:

Combine the ideas by using so that, expressing purpose. 

Example :     She took a part-time job because she wanted to be able to spend more time with her children. She took a part-time job so that she would be able to spend more time with her children. 

1-    She is cooking extra food tonight because she wants to have some left over for tomorrow. 

 2-    We bought a holiday home because we wanted to be able to take a break at any time. 

3-    We're going to take a taxi to and back from the restaurant because we want to have a bottle of wine with our meal. 

4-    She has taken the children to the park, since she wants to let them run around a bit. 

5-    They are hiring two specialist drugs workers. They want to force young offenders into treatment. 

6-    They hired two specialist drugs workers. They wanted to force young offenders into treatment. 

7-    He went back to working as a salesman because he wanted to have a less stressful job. 

8-    He is going to spend a year in England. He wants to improve his English.

9- She spent a year in Germany in order to gain experience in an international company.

10- They have developed a training course because they want to ensure all their staff can use the new computer system.  

EXERCISE 5:

Choose the correct completion.

1- Neglect and deprivation during childhood [lead to/result from) anti-social behavior and delinquency in some teenagers.

2- [Due to the fact that/Owing to) many police departments are understaffed, crime continues to rise.

3- [Due to the fact that/Owing to) a shortage of trained police officers, crime continues to rise.

4- The long queues of traffic [resulted in/resulted from) an accident involving a car and a truck on the A41.

5- An accident involving a car and a truck on the A41 this morning [resulted in/resulted from) long queues of traffic. 

6- [Thanks to/Due to the fact that) funding and a handful of volunteers, the woman's refuge is now operational.

7- She left her daughter at her mother's [so/as] she didn't want to drag her around all the shops.

 8- She didn't want to trail around the shops with her daughter, [so/as) she left her at her sister's house.

9- He is a father of two children now; [therefore/since), he can't afford everything he used to.

10- The price increase is [since/due to) an increase in the price of raw materials.

11- [As a consequence of/The reason for] the threat of terrorist attacks, all Accident and Emergency staff are undergoing training for chemical and biological incidents.

12- She changed her job. not {because/for) she didn't like working for the council but (because/thanks to) she was offered so much money to manage the veterinary surgery.

13- [Because/Because of) the magazine came with a desirable free gift, I couldn't resist buying it.

14- [Because/Because of) the free nail varnish offered with the magazine, I decided to buy it.

15- [For/As) I am attending a meeting in London on Friday, 1 will have dinner with my sister who lives there.

EXERCISE 4:

EXERCISE 4:    Using the given words, combine the following ideas.

1- House prices are rising rapidly in most parts of the country. First time buyers are experiencing difficulty buying a house.

a) (therefore) ...................................................................................................................................... 

b) (because) ........................................................................................................................................

c) (so) .................................................................................................................................................

d) (as a consequence of).................................................................................................................... 

e) (consequently) ...............................................................................................................................

f) (due to)  ......................................................................................................................................... 

g) (be due to) ......................................................................................................................................

h) (so ... that) ...................................................................................................................................... 

i) (owing to the fact that) .................................................................................................................. 

j) (since) ............................................................................................................................................... 

2- The basketball team have introduced a talented young player. They are winning more games.

a) (such ... that) .................................................................................................................................

 b) (result in) ...................................................................................................................................... 

c) (result from) ..................................................................................................................................

d) (as a result of) .............................................................................................................................. 

e) (thanks to) ....................................................................................................................................

 f) (on account of) ............................................................................................................................. 

g) (the reason for) ............................................................................................................................. 

h) (because)  ................................................................................................................................... 

i) (so) ................................................................................................................................................

 j) (be a result of)..................................................................................................................................

EXERCISE 2

EXERCISE 2:     Choose the correct one in parentheses. 

Not only the fire itself but also the poisonous fumes [was/were] to blame for the high death toll.

1- Both the fire fighters and the police [is/are] hurrying to the scene of the accident. 
2- Neither the driver nor the passengers [know/knows] how to avoid the road works, 
3- Neither the passengers nor the driver [know/knows] how to avoid the road works. 
4- Both his attendance and his timekeeping [is/are] disappointing. 
5- Either the comments the Chairman made at the meeting or the action he took afterwards [has/have] upset the 
company secretary, 
6- Neither the hero nor the members of the cast [was/were] happy with the directing, 
7- Both the winner and the runner up [is/are] certain to run In the final. 
8- Not only homeless adults but also children who have run away from home [is/are] sleeping under the railway 
bridge. 
9- Both his wit and his colorful background [make/makes] his stories hilarious. 
10- Either a fall in customers or a rise in costs [has/have] caused the company's financial crisis. 
11- Neither the monuments nor the museum [was/ were] very interesting. 
12- Not only the fire brigade's demand for 30,000 pounds a year but also their refusal to let the army use the fire trucks 
[has/have] led to a loss of public support, 
13- Not only her heavy drinking but also her lack of motivation [was/were] of concern to her mother. 
14- Either Cath's presentation skills or Joanne's strategic plan [has/have] impressed the customers as they have placed an 
order immediately. 
15- Neither his friends nor his wife [was/were] able to prevent him from quitting his job. 
16- Not only his staff but also his customers [was/were] sorry to see him go. 
17- Not only my favorite newspaper but also all the other quality ones [was/were] sold out at our shop. 
18- Both America and Britain [is/are] targets for the terrorists. 
19- Neither her intellect nor her diplomacy [seems/seem] to be helping her negotiations with the service provider